In recent years, plasma chemical deposition and electric explosion (EEW) have become the core technologies for preparing high-purity alloy powders. 
1. Energy and Electronics: AlN demonstrates ultra-high thermal conductivity of 380 W/(m·K) which makes it essential for semiconductor packaging and thermal management systems. Nano AlN powder created through carbon thermal reduction and solution combustion methods enhances ceramic substrate heat dissipation performance to satisfy 5G communication and high-power LED heat management standards.
Nano copper paste used in multilayer ceramic capacitor electrodes costs only one-fifth of silver paste pricing while offering conductivity levels similar to precious metals. Its application reaches flexible electronic devices and lithium battery electrodes which enhances electronic product miniaturization and cost efficiency.
2. Medical and Biotechnology: The potential of nano aluminum powder in drug delivery systems stems from its large specific surface area combined with its reactive nature. Targeting molecules can be used for surface modification to achieve precise drug delivery while nano aluminum-based materials in medical imaging research offer innovative approaches to tumor diagnostics.
3. Environmental protection and sustainable manufacturing: Nano iron-based powders display superior efficiency in degrading organic pollutants through the Fenton reaction as their catalytic performance exceeds that of micron-sized powders by more than threefold. Nano zero-valent iron transforms toxic hexavalent chromium into harmless trivalent chromium which advances green water treatment technology. Nano copper powder production through electrolysis benefits from minimal energy demands and low pollution output which supports sustainable development objectives.
Challenges and Future TrendsTechnical Bottlenecks
Composite materials experience performance fluctuations because nano particles readily agglomerate. The carbon-aluminum ratio of AlN powder must be precisely controlled during carbon thermal reduction as impurity phase’s form when this ratio deviates from the ideal value reducing thermal conductivity. The oxygen content in the grain boundaries of AlN ceramics influences their thermal conductivity while the sintering process for nano powders remains unclear regarding oxygen diffusion which requires further investigation through atomic-level characterization technology.
Future direction
Nano copper powder production efficiency rises above 30% when AI algorithms optimize reduction reaction parameters to control particle size and morphology precisely. Create AlN-graphene composite systems capable of high thermal conductivity together with electromagnetic shielding capabilities. Implement electrolysis and solution combustion technologies to minimize carbon emissions during nano-aluminum powder production.